Baikal fertilizer: application, composition, instructions

Composition of fertilizer Baikal EM

The universal and highly effective microbiological fertilizer Baikal EM-1 is one of the best on the market. It includes:

Lactic acid bacteria – remove unwanted chemicals from the soil. They give plants additional nutrition in the form of humus, and also help in weed control by processing the roots remaining in the ground after weeding.

Yeast – produces hormones and enzymes involved in stimulating the growth point, and therefore the growth of the plant root. Protect them from disease.

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria – assimilate nitrogen molecules from the air and deliver them to plants in an accessible form, thereby enriching the soil with nitrogen.

Photosynthetic bacteria are involved in the regeneration of cells, plant tissues, thereby rejuvenating them.

Due to the fact that the basis of this fertilizer is living organisms, Baikal EM-1 has a beneficial effect on the depleted soil, revitalizing it. You can compare him with a good doctor who does not treat the symptoms of a disease, but looks for the root cause of the disease and tries to influence it with his “living medicine”.

What is EM technology?

About ten years ago, Japanese scientists invented a technology that in a short period of time gained wide popularity in almost all countries where agriculture is developing. The use of this technique allows you to achieve high-quality products grown without harming the environment and saving natural resources.

To increase the fertility of the soil, it is necessary to apply organic fertilizers to it. This fact has been known to everyone for a long time. But doing this for several years, we can conclude that the yield increases somewhat only in the first two years, and then everything returns to normal: diseases appear, pests attack, plants stop active growth.

Why is this happening?

When studying black soil, it turned out that one gram of soil contains many bacteria – two and a half billion. These crumbs-hard workers recycle organic residues, while simultaneously carrying out the synthesis of high-molecular compounds – humus acids. These acids are food for plants.

It turns out that in order to improve soil fertility, it is necessary to create appropriate living conditions for the same microorganisms so that they can multiply more and die less. As a result, the soil is cultivated, and representatives of the fauna begin to show activity in it: earthworms, larvae of various insects, etc. And as you know, the productivity of soil formation mainly depends on earthworms.

 

It would seem that in order to increase the yield several times, you need to feed the soil with the necessary microorganisms in time, cultivate it, start the grown earthworms … But everything is not so simple: microorganisms are not only life-giving, they are involved in regeneration and contribute to the growth of plants, but also pathogens that inhabit them. And since, first of all, weak and diseased plants are susceptible to the onset of pests, the conclusion suggests itself – both those and other bacteria must be present in the soil.

The most important thing is to ensure their balance – for one part of the degenerative, there should be two parts of the regenerative. Such a strong symbiosis was discovered in the late eighties by the Japanese microbiologist Teruo Higa. The regenerative strains obtained as a result of the work began to be called EM – effective microorganisms.

Fertilizer Baikal EM-1 contains live bacteria, so it is very important to follow the rules when using it.

How to use Baikal EM-1 correctly?

Before use, the drug must undergo some preparation. To awaken the sleepy, non-working microorganisms in the concentrate, it is necessary to create a favorable environment with the right temperature. Sweet water is fine for this.

How to prepare a nutrient medium for the Baikal EM-1 concentrate?

Boil 3 liters of water. Cool to 25-30 °.

Stir 2-3 tablespoons of honey or molasses in it. If there is no honey, jam syrup (5-6 tablespoons) will do.

Pour a whole bottle of concentrate (30 ml) into this solution. After stirring, remove to heat to start fermentation.

After a couple of days, open the container to release the accumulated gas.

After about a week, a pleasant sour smell will appear – this indicates the readiness of the infusion.

Pour the finished product into black containers and store it in a black place at a temperature of 5 to 15 degrees. The drug is stored for six months.

How to properly water the soil?

The correct solution should be produced on the basis of the finished concentrated preparation.

The concentration of the drug in it depends on the purpose of using the solution:

for ordinary irrigation, the ratio of the drug to water is 1: 1000 (one tbsp. l. per 10 liters of water);

for watering seedlings – 1: 2000 (1/2 tablespoon per 10 liters of water);

for soil cultivation in spring and autumn or for compost – 1: 100 (ten tablespoons per 10 liters of water).

The prepared aqueous solution should not be watered immediately. Before watering, you need to add honey, molasses, or sugar to this solution in the same volume, i.e. if 1 tbsp was added. l. preparation, then the sweets should be put in the same amount. Let it brew for 5-7 hours for the reproduction of microbes. After that, you can safely water it.

The frequency of watering with the use of Baikal EM-1 fertilizer is once every seven days.

Important!

It is necessary to water Baikal even in spite of the rain since this is not the main watering, but top dressing.

For the life of microorganisms, such moisture is simply necessary. In dry soil, bacteria simply die, without having time to bring benefits. Therefore, before watering with Lake Baikal, you should water the beds with plain water in order to create the right environment for microorganisms.

When irrigated with organic fertilizer, Baikal EM-1 needs not only soil but also the tops of plants. In the process of growth, all kinds of harmful bacteria and fungi settle on it, and Baikal wages an irreconcilable struggle with them, which has a positive effect on plant health.

Baikal EM-1 cannot completely replace organic fertilizers. Therefore, we must not forget about the timely introduction of compost, manure, and wood ash into the soil. Many gardeners make the mistake of stopping the use of Baikal after harvesting. Since the main “concern” of this fertilizer is soil cultivation, it is important to apply it from spring to autumn. But you need to keep in mind that the soil temperature should not fall below 10 ° C in order to preserve the vital activity of bacteria.

From a number of advantages of the Baikal EM-1 fertilizer, one can single out its efficiency, both in terms of use and in terms of cost. At a cost, it is really quite affordable. And in terms of use, it turns out like this: 1 liter of Baikal concentrate allows you to get a whole ton (1,000 liters) of the most valuable EM fertilizer!

If this turns out to be not enough and it becomes necessary to reduce the consumption rate at times, then you do not need to water, but simply spray the soil with this solution.

Types of feeding

Root

It is carried out at a soil temperature of at least 12 degrees so that bacteria do not die in the frozen ground. The concentrate is diluted as for conventional irrigation – 1: 1000, and two liters of solution are applied under the root of each plant.

Through tops and leaves

Spray the leaves and tops of plants, diluting the drug in a ratio of 1: 500 with a frequency of 1-2 times every 7 days. The sooner after germination spraying with Baikal begins, the fewer pests and diseases will be. The time to spray is early morning or after rain. When pests appear, the concentration of the solution should be increased to 1: 300 or even 1: 100 and sprayed daily. This will help get rid of harmful insects completely.

To feed fruit trees and berry bushes, dilute Baikal EM-1 in a ratio of 1: 2000 and spray liberally onto leaves and stems. Held in spring, mid-summer, and autumn.

When processing the beds after harvesting, add a solution with a concentration of 1: 100 (water the bed after digging at the rate of three liters per one square meter). Top up with sawdust. Repeat feeding in the spring.

Seedling processing

The proportion of the solution is 1: 2000 in the first spraying, the subsequent ones – 1: 1000. In total, you need to carry out 4-6 such sprays for the entire time of growing seedlings.

Watering indoor plants

A solution is used in a ratio of 1: 2000 for regular watering. Or in a ratio of 1: 1000 once every three months.

Application of fertilizer Baikal in spring.

Organic fertilizer Baikal has a huge range of applications, especially in spring. They can cultivate everything from seeds to adult plants.

Fertilizer consumption table Baikal EM-1

Seed treatment

The microorganisms in the preparation perform several important tasks at once when processing seeds:

lactic acid – disinfect them;

yeast and other groups of bacteria – provide energy for growth and increase germination.

Before planting, the seeds must be soaked in a concentrate solution for 3-4 hours. For the solution, take 200 g of settled water, warm it up to 30-40 degrees, drip five drops of Baikal, stir and put the seeds. Stir occasionally when soaking. Then dry the smaller seeds, large ones can be planted in the prepared soil immediately.

During the drying period, you need to ensure that the seeds do not dry out, they should be slightly damp. After drying, sow. During soaking, drying, and sowing, the seeds should not be exposed to direct sunlight.

Important!

Treatment of seeds in disinfecting solutions (for example, in potassium permanganate) after treatment with Baikal is excluded since all beneficial bacteria will die.

Seed potatoes are processed in the same way on the day of planting.

Seedling processing

Baikal EM-1 helps to reduce the time for growing seedlings.

The first treatment (the proportion of the working solution is 1: 2000) is carried out at the stage of appearance of 2 leaves, that is, after 10-12 days after germination, the rest – with a frequency of two weeks. Not all seedlings tolerate picking well. This procedure is usually painful because it is stressful for the plants. But spraying with Baikal makes the pick convenient for seedlings, and it takes root in a new place quickly enough. Irrigation should continue on the same schedule.

Microbiological fertilizer Baikal EM-1 gives seedlings vigor, a well-developed root system, and good immunity. Even weak seedlings after a short time catching up in the growth of their healthy “brothers”.

After planting seedlings in open ground or a greenhouse, you should continue to water them with this fertilizer (1: 2000). The enzymes that produce bacteria help to increase the immunity of plants, help them in the fight against unfavorable weather conditions, increase metabolism, which accelerates the development of roots, shoots, and leaves.

Subsequent processing of plants is carried out at least twice a month (1: 2000).

Important!

The treatment of the beds with the Baikal EM-1 preparation should be carried out 5-7 days before planting the seedlings, then the soil surface should be mulched so that beneficial bacteria can multiply.

How to properly cultivate the soil?

The basic rule of organic land cultivation is «don’t dig deep».

When the earth layers are turned over during deep digging, the soil structure and the naturalness of the channels from which the plant obtains moisture and nutrition are disturbed. Instead of a shovel and a pitchfork, you can use a Fokin flat cutter, for example. It only loosens the top (and most fertile) layer of the earth, without causing harm or disrupting the vital activity of beneficial bacteria, insects, and earthworms.

The upper layer of the soil should be rich in organic matter, only then will the use of Baikal be effective. After all, the bacteria contained in this preparation need to feed on something. And they, in turn, having remade organic matter, will turn it into a nutrient medium more accessible to plants.

Soil tillage with Baikal EM-1

Live bacteria die in direct sunlight. Therefore, it is better to use microbiological fertilizer in the evening, in cloudy weather, or after rain, since soil moisture is important for the reproduction of bacteria.

After watering, it would be nice to apply mulch to the treated area of ​​land: straw, fallen leaves or other covering material that allows moisture and air to pass through.

Baikal EM-1 for compost

Good compost means a rich harvest. This is what all amateur gardeners say. Almost every gardener or gardener knows how to make compost. It is believed that this is a fairly lengthy process: you need to make a compost pit or a heap, collect the necessary organic material, which takes a certain amount of time, wait until everything decays (and this will most likely only be the next year).

But technical progress does not standstill. Thanks to Baikal, the compost preparation time is reduced by 2-3 times.

How to prepare compost correctly?

To create compost, you need to collect all organic debris: grass, straw, weeds, small branches, fallen leaves, potato peels, food debris from the table, and so on. Sprinkle on them (about ten percent of the volume of organic matter) earth, preferably the top layer, then again organic matter and again earth. A small amount of manure can be added to organic matter.

Compaction or trampling of the heap is unacceptable, this will slow down the decomposition of organic residues. Pour the existing compost heap with a solution of the Baikal EM fertilizer (1: 100), not forgetting about the sweet environment – 10 tbsp for ten liters of water. l. sugar or honey, cover with plastic, and do not touch again.

After 3-4 months, this pile will turn into a wonderful fertilizer, rich in beneficial bacteria, which can be applied to the soil after harvest. Compost will play the role of a heater for microorganisms in the winter cold and will help them survive so that when spring comes, they begin their active work.

Strawberry and Baikal EM-1

The use of organic fertilizer Baikal EM-1 will allow you to get an incredible strawberry harvest even in a small garden bed. And since this is a microbiological fertilizer, the berries will be absolutely clean in terms of ecology.

Strawberries reproduce vegetatively. To do this, at the beginning of spring, as soon as the vegetative period begins, in the strawberry garden it is necessary to somehow isolate mother plants – the largest, most powerful, and healthy ones.

Clean them from last year’s leaves and spray them thoroughly with Baikal in a couple of days (1: 500). After three days, it is no longer necessary to spray, but to water with a solution of Baikal (1: 1000). The next day, loosen the soil and grind it to a height of 4-5 cm.

When antennae appear, they should be directed towards the row spacing for fixing, and the buds that have begun to appear should be removed so that all the power of the plant goes to the antennae-children. In this case, it is necessary to water the entire garden with the use of the drug (1: 1000).

Flowers and Baikal EM-1

Watering with the use of Baikal has a beneficial effect on flowers. They become more magnificent, brighter. It is especially useful for perennial flowers in autumn processing.

Before the onset of cold weather, microorganisms will completely destroy all pathogenic microbes around the roots, and the flowers will leave in the winter in excellent condition.

Thanks to the use of fertilizer Baikal EM-1, the quality of vegetables, berries, and fruits grown in garden plots increases, the taste of these products is noticeably improved, the keeping quality and shelf life of fruits increases.